A Warrior’s View of Why War Fails: A Conversation With William McRaven

又想在中东开打?美特战司令警告:别犯老毛病!

The Foreign Affairs Interview

2026-10-29

59 分钟
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William McRaven spent four decades in the U.S. military as a Navy SEAL, a four-star admiral, and head of U.S. Special Operations Command. He led the 2003 operation that captured Saddam Hussein and oversaw the 2011 operation that killed Osama bin Laden. But in a new essay in Foreign Affairs, McRaven focuses not on the potential of military force but on its limits—limits that American policymakers frequently disregard, at immense cost. He warns of a persistent “American delusion—our excessive faith in the capacity of military power to achieve victory and thereby fundamentally political ends.” And while the Trump administration’s war in Iran may offer a particularly stark example of this delusion, McRaven worries that the problem will get worse rather than better in the future. Dan Kurtz-Phelan spoke with McRaven on October 26 about the war in Iran and Ukraine; about the damage to civil-military relations and military culture under President Donald Trump and Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth; about how technology is, and is not, transforming the battlefield; and about the risks of a strictly transactional foreign policy for the durability of American power. You can find sources, transcripts, and more episodes of The Foreign Affairs Interview at https://www.foreignaffairs.com/podcasts/foreign-affairs-interview.
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  • I'm Dan Kurtz-Phelan and this is the Foreign Affairs Interview.

  • As Americans and as American soldiers, you don't want to wake up, you know, 20 years from a fight

  • and think that you did something that was egregious,

  • that was against, again, the law of armed conflict or what you know to be morally right.

  • Yes, you're going to have to get out there and kill people.

  • That is the nature of war.

  • That's what makes it ugly.

  • But let's kill the right people.

  • Let's save the other people.

  • Let's do what we think is right, because at the end of the day, this is America's strength.

  • If people feel like our values don't matter anymore, our values as warfighters, our values as Americans,

  • then they're not going to be there when we need them.

  • William McRaven spent four decades in the U.S. military

  • as a Navy SEAL, a four-star admiral, and head of U.S. Special Operations Command.

  • He both led the 2003 operation that captured Saddam Hussein and oversaw the 2011 operation that killed Osama bin Laden.

  • But in a new essay in Foreign Affairs,

  • McRaven focuses not on the potential of military force, but on its limits.

  • Limits that American policymakers frequently disregard at immense cost.

  • He warns of a persistent American delusion,

  • our excessive faith in the capacity of military power to achieve victory and thereby fundamentally political ends.