We almost had a smartphone in the 90s. Why did it fail?

二十世纪九十年代,我们几乎拥有了智能手机。为何它失败了?

Planet Money

2026-06-27

26 分钟
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In the early 90’s, a company called General Magic began working on a portable device that would allow people to check email, make phone calls, even play games. It was basically a smartphone. But it never caught on. On today’s show, a theory about why this device failed. General Magic had generous investors, world-class talent and creative freedom. But is it possible what they needed was constraints? Support:Planet Money+Read: Our book: Planet Money: A Guide to the Economic Forces That Shape Your Life Our weekly longform Planet Money newsletterOur weekly Indicator round-up newsletterFollow: InstagramTikTokYouTubeFacebookThis episode was hosted by Erika Beras and Emma Peaslee. It was produced by Emma Peaslee with help from Sam Yellowhorse Kesler and James Sneed. It was edited by Marianne McCune and fact-checked by Charlotte Isidore. It was engineered by Jimmy Keeley with help from Cena Loffredo. Alex Goldmark is Planet Money’s executive producer. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for sponsorship and to manage your podcast sponsorship preferences. NPR Privacy Policy
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  • Okay, how many times have you sat and thought about how much more you could accomplish if you had more,

  • more time, more money, more resources?

  • Like how good your project could be if you had just one more day or a bigger budget or more help?

  • Well, this is the story of a company that did have all of that.

  • And they were making something amazing, something most of us touch every day, a smartphone.

  • But, and this is the part that is bonkers.

  • This was happening nearly two decades before the iPhone came out.

  • Before the internet, before Wi-Fi, before mobile data, before cell phones even.

  • Tony Fidel was employee number 29 at that company.

  • Before even email really existed for people.

  • Before...

  • Anything like Amazon or e-tailing existed before downloadable games or downloadable music existed.

  • All of that stuff.

  • We were creating all the technology that would later become what the iPhone was.