Grant Sanderson – AI and the future of math

格兰特·桑德森——人工智能与数学的未来

Dwarkesh Podcast

2026-06-30

1 小时 33 分钟
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Always so much fun to chat with Grant. AI has been making much faster progress in math than in other fields. As a result, mathematics is showing us, very concretely, what AI progress in other fields will look like. Even within mathematics, there’s a jagged landscape. What does it look like? What is the nature of the most important conceptual breakthroughs in the history of mathematics, and how different are they from what AIs are currently able to do? Does AI (on net) increase or decrease human understanding of the field? How big is the overhang from having AIs systematically try to connect ideas already in the literature? And what advice does Grant have for aspiring mathematicians, coders, and other students who are passionate about fields that are being most transformed upon by AI? Watch on YouTube; read the transcript. Sponsors * Gemini 3.5 Live Translate is what I wished I’d had on my last trip to China. It detects more than 70 languages and translates them in near real-time… and it preserves your original pacing and intonation. If you’re building an app that needs live translation, you should check out Gemini 3.5 Live Translate. Get started at ai.studio/live * Cursor’s harness lets me use models for a huge range of tasks at the podcast. For example, Cursor cuts out the ads from each episode I produce so I can post them on Bilibili. It also helps me prep for interviews — I have a repo full of books and papers that Cursor sorts through to find the exact right file for any given question. Try Cursor yourself at cursor.com/dwarkesh * Jane Street sponsors 3Blue1Brown, so Grant has gotten to spend a lot of time with various Jane Streeters. He actually just recorded an interview with a few of them, so when we sat down for this episode, he told me about some of the things he learned, like how Jane Street keeps their role definitions fuzzy to make sure their people keep learning and growing. Go check out Grant’s full interview at 3b1b.co/janestreet Timestamps (00:00:00) – AI is discovering new proofs. Is that AGI? (00:11:32) – The verification loop on conceptual breakthroughs can be a century long (00:26:12) – Will we understand an AI proof of the Riemann hypothesis? (00:38:08) – Can AI find the hidden bridges between fields? (00:53:48) – Why real-world tasks don’t fit into RL environments (01:07:07) – Good writing requires theory of mind that AI still lacks (01:16:02) – Why learning will still depend on human curation Get full access to Dwarkesh Podcast at www.dwarkesh.com/subscribe
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  • Today I'm chatting with Grant Sanderson,

  • who runs Google One Brown and is now working on a new project documenting the progress AI is making in math.

  • And I wanted to talk to you about this because AI has been making

  • the fastest progress in mathematics as of any other field.

  • So whatever is happening here and whatever we're seeing AI progress happen

  • or not happen would tell us about what will happen to the rest of the world as AI gets better and better.

  • So I wanted to start with this question I asked you when I first interviewed you three years ago.

  • And I asked you, once we have AIs that can get gold in the International Math Olympiad, wouldn't that just be AGI?

  • Wouldn't this just be able to do anything any human can do, given how hard these problems are?

  • And you had an answer, which in retrospect turned out to be very wise and correct,

  • which is like, it'll be another benchmark, like all these other benchmarks that they are passing.

  • Obviously, AI has gotten better in general ways since then, but there won't be some aha moment when this happens.

  • First, I think I'd be curious to get your...

  • Heuristics on why that turned out to be true.

  • And second, I'm curious how long you think this narrowness can continue to be true.

  • So by the point that AI has solved the million price problem,

  • do you think it's still possible that at that point there's

  • lots of tasks that humans are doing that AI still can't automate in the economy?

  • It's an interesting question because it's hard to answer without knowing what the solution looks like ahead of time.

  • I mean, if we take the IMO, that's something where...