Why a wakefulness drug is pharma's latest obsession

睡眠神药获批

Babbage from The Economist

2026-08-19

35 分钟
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A drug has been approved to treat narcolepsy, an excessive-sleepiness disorder. The new agonist mimics the action of orexin, a neurotransmitter which helps to keep people awake. Inspired by the success of GLP-1 diabetes-turned-weight-loss jabs, researchers hope that targeting the orexin system might one day help people with other brain-related ailments, too. Guests and hosts: Shailesh Chitnis, The Economist's global business writerYanagisawa Masashi of the University of TsukubaGuy Leschziner of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, LondonHarry Fagan of the University of SouthamptonAlex Hern, The Economist's AI writer Topics covered: Orexin agonists and antagonistsSleep disordersPsychiatry  Transcripts of our podcasts are available via economist.com/podcasts.
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  • The Economist.

  • Shailesh, I spend my day talking to AI companies

  • who are convinced that they're going to overturn the entire pharmaceutical industry

  • and cure all diseases in 10 years.

  • You're our global business correspondent, you spend your day talking to pharma companies.

  • And big pharma has had its own revolutions over the last few years, right?

  • I'm thinking of GLP-1s here.

  • The class of peptides that seem to have uses everywhere.

  • Absolutely.

  • That has been the big story in pharma over the last three to four years,

  • which is the rise of GLP-1s.

  • They started out as a treatment for diabetes,

  • very quickly they realized it was really effective and safe in weight loss.

  • It has turned out to be almost like an everything drug.

  • And now pharma companies are hopeful

  • that another molecule called orexin could have the potential to be the next blockbuster.

  • And so I hadn't heard the word orexin before you said it.

  • Should I have?

  • How did you hear about it?

  • I don't think you should have unless you were knee deep in these topics.