Nobel winners, neutrino detectors and nature’s longest-living tortoise

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  Hi, this is Andrea Garleski.

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  I'm the chief newsletter editor at Scientific American, and I write today in science, our daily newsletter.

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  I'm so excited to tell you that I'll be leading an incredible trip in February 2027 to the winter

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  sanctuaries of the monarch butterflies deep in the mountains of central Mexico.

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  I hope you can join me on this incredible journey.

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  Go to scientificamerican.com slash travel to learn more.

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  Happy Monday, listeners.

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  For Scientific American Science Quickly, I'm Rachel Feltman.

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  You're listening to our weekly science news roundup.

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  Some of the biggest stories in science last week were the announcement of the Nobel Prize Awards in chemistry, physics,

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  and physiology or medicine.

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  So we're going to focus on those groundbreaking research topics today,

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  with a fun little animal story at the end to send us off, of course.

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  Let's start with the prize for physiology or medicine, which was announced last Monday.

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  This year's award went to Carl Diseroth at Stanford University, Peter Hageman at Humboldt University of Berlin,

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  and Georg Nagel at the University of Würzburg in Germany.

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  They were recognized for their discoveries around light-gated ion channels and optogenetics.

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  Optogenetics allows scientists to switch individual brain cells on and off.

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  Because neurons use electrical signals to communicate with one another,

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  scientists realized almost a century ago that they could use electrical stimulation to activate brain cells.

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