How to Understand the New Age of War: A Conversation With Lawrence D. Freedman

从乌克兰到中东:手握重兵的大国,为何陷入战争泥潭?

The Foreign Affairs Interview

2026-09-17

1 小时 0 分钟
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By some measures, there is more war in the world today than at any point since World War II. Today’s wars have brought a level of destruction, disruption, and global risk that would have been hard to imagine not long ago, often in places where such combat seemed a thing of the past. Policymakers once again worry about nuclear use, and military planners once again contemplate war between great powers, including the United States and China, and NATO and Russia. And all of this comes as the Trump administration dismantles key pieces of the international system and technology scrambles expectations about how wars start, unfold, and end.  No one has left a greater mark on our understanding of wars past and present than Lawrence Freedman. Freedman has written a slew of definitive books on military strategy and history, and he has offered some of the most penetrating analysis of Iran, Ukraine, and more, in Foreign Affairs and elsewhere. He is emeritus professor of war studies at King’s College London.   Dan Kurtz-Phelan spoke with Freedman on Monday, September 14, about the course of today’s conflicts; about what is and is not changing in the nature of war; and about why policymakers, military officers, and strategists so often start wars based on bad assumptions—and how those bad assumptions explain some of the biggest calamities in global security today.  You can find sources, transcripts, and more episodes of The Foreign Affairs Interview at https://www.foreignaffairs.com/podcasts/foreign-affairs-interview.
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  • I'm Dan Kurtz-Falen, and this is the Foreign Affairs Interview.

  • My own view, maybe this is just a function of getting older,

  • is that I'm less impressed with what you can do with military power.

  • It just, the trouble with violence is it seems like it's definitive.

  • It just sorts stuff out, and it rarely does.

  • By some measures, there is more war in the world today than at any point since World War II.

  • Today's wars have brought a level of destruction, disruption,

  • and global risk that would have seemed hard to imagine not long ago,

  • often in places where such combat seemed a thing of the past.

  • Policymakers once again worry about nuclear use,

  • and military planners once again contemplate war between great powers, including the U.S.

  • And China and NATO and Russia.

  • And all of this comes as the Trump administration dismantles key pieces of the international system

  • and technology scrambles expectations about how wars start, unfold, and end.

  • No one has left a greater mark on our understanding of wars past and present than Lawrence Friedman.

  • Friedman has written a slew of definitive books on military strategy and history,

  • and he has offered some of the most penetrating analysis of Iran, Ukraine,

  • and more in the pages of Foreign Affairs and elsewhere.

  • I spoke with Friedman on Monday, September 14th about the course of today's conflicts,

  • about what is and is not changing in the nature of war,