This is Hidden Brain.
I'm Shankar Vedantham.
When Nelson Mandela became South Africa's first black president in 1994,
he had big dreams for his bitterly divided country.
We enter into a covenant that we shall build the society,
a rainbow nation, at peace with itself and the world.
He had spent a lifetime fighting the racist apartheid regime,
including more than a quarter century in prison.
He was a heroic figure already by that time.
But to many white South Africans, they saw him as a criminal and a terrorist.
This is psychologist Jay Van Bevel.
As president of a united South Africa, Nelson Mandela, or Madiba as he was known to his supporters,
needed to find a way for the people in his rainbow nation to see themselves as South Africans first.
Other politicians might have turned to speeches and policies.
Madiba turned to sports.
Play continues.
Offside by New Zealand.
He used the Rugby World Cup, which was being hosted in South Africa.
And during the apartheid era, South Africa had been banned from competition.
And the South African team was known as the Springboks.