How Microfinance Failed the World's Poor

微贷如何辜负了世界的穷人

The Journal.

2026-07-15

24 分钟
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Microfinance was once hailed as a miracle cure for global poverty, promising to empower the world's most vulnerable with small business loans. But in countries like Cambodia, the industry has devolved into a cycle of predatory debt that is leaving families struggling. WSJ’s Gabriele Steinhauser explains why this once-celebrated solution has failed so many. Jessica Mendoza hosts. Further Listening: - Why Sweden Embraced Capitalism - Is Jane Goodall Fighting a Losing Battle? Sign up for WSJ’s free What’s News newsletter. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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  • Pram Tor is a farmer in northwest Cambodia.

  • He's 40 years old.

  • He and his wife have three kids.

  • He grows vegetables like curly cabbage and wax gourd that he harvests by hand.

  • He rents a plot of land from the government and he grows vegetables.

  • And his wife sells those vegetables on the local market.

  • Our colleague Gabriel Steinhauser went to meet him near his farm in Batambang province.

  • A few years ago, Pram Tor and his family wanted to expand their small farm.

  • The hope was that they ultimately could start earning more money.

  • So he took out a loan from a local lender.

  • He took a first loan of $1,000 to sort of, you know,

  • buy some farming inputs and just sort of increase his yield.

  • He thought, I can earn more money and, you know, like kind of make a better life for my family.

  • The monthly payments were manageable, and he was able to pay the loan back easily.

  • And that small loan of $1,000 helped grow his business.

  • The perfect definition of microfinance and what it was supposed to do.

  • Microfinance was created to provide small loans to poor people in developing countries.

  • The idea is to allow people to pull themselves up by the bootstraps,

  • to lend them money so they can start businesses, become entrepreneurs.

  • That's the way it was supposed to work.