Why do we itch

Introduction Have you ever had an itch that you really wanted to scratch, but couldn't? Feeling itchy is unpleasant, and the feeling of finally scratching that itch can be very satisfying! But why do we feel itchy in the first place? And is it possible to catch an itch from someone else? Neil and Georgie discuss this and teach you some new vocabulary. This week's question Listen to the recording of scratching on the programme (at 1:38). What is being scratched? a) an arm b) a beard c) some jeans Listen to the programme to hear the answer. Vocabulary itch / itchy unpleasant feeling on your skin / feeling something unpleasant on your skin   scratch rub your nails back and forth against something, often to relieve an itch   unpack explain in clear detail   parasite animal, plant or fungus that lives on another lifeform and feeds on it   spontaneously without being asked; without thinking   catch (an illness/feeling) get an illness or feeling from someone else TRANSCRIPT Note: This is not a word-for-word transcript.  Neil Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.   Georgie And I'm Georgie. Find the vocabulary, definitions and a free worksheet on our website, bbclearningenglish.com. Neil So, Georgie we're going to talk about something a little different today. We're talking about itching. Now an itch is that unpleasant feeling you get on your skin that you have to scratch with your fingers. What sort of things make you itch?   Georgie Well, funny you should ask, because I'm actually wearing quite an itchy jumper at the moment and it's making me want to scratch my skin. What about you?   Neil Well, recently I was bitten by a mosquito and, as you know, when you get bitten by a mosquito, it's really itchy. I had to scratch loads and loads.   Georgie Oh, I hate it when that happens.   Neil It was horrible. In this podcast, we're going to hear from some experts about why we itch and how scratching can be good for us.   Georgie And as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary.   Neil OK. Well, we're going to start with a quiz question of course, Georgie. It's a bit of a different one today. Dr Henning Holle studies the psychology of itching, and he played some scratching sounds to the guests on the BBC World Service programme CrowdScience. Now the question is, what is being scratched? You have three choices:   a)    an arm, b)    a beard, or c)    some jeans.   Georgie OK. Well, let's listen... Well, that sounded a bit hairy, so I'm going to go with b) a beard.   Neil Well, we'll find out at the end of the programme.   Georgie So, Neil, I mentioned that my jumper was a bit itchy but sometimes I feel itchy for no particular reason. So, what's going on there?   Neil Well, that's something that the listeners of BBC World Service programme CrowdScience also wondered. They wanted to know the answer to that. The presenter, Anand Jagatia, spoke to itching expert Sonja Ständer to find out more. Let's listen.   Anand Jagatia There's lots of science to unpack here. Sonja, what actually is itchiness?   Sonja Ständer Yeah. So, by scratching the skin, we remove parasites or plants or anything that does not belong on the skin. And so, we start to scratch at the very same area where we itch and remove it. And it can no longer damage the skin and harm ourselves.   Georgie Anand says there's a lot of science to unpack about itchiness. Unpack here means explain.   Neil Sonja explains that when our skin feels itchy, we scratch it, and that helps to get rid of parasites and other harmful things on our skin. Parasites are animals or plants that live on another animal and feed from them.   Georgie So, Neil, itching is our skin's way of protecting itself against harmful parasites. And I have to say, all of this talk of itching and scratching is making me feel a bit itchy right now.   Neil Well, that's interesting because Dr Henning Holle wanted to study whether just thinking about itching makes us more likely to feel itchy.   Georgie Henning and his team studied what happened when people watched videos of itching and scratching.   Neil Let's listen to him speaking to BBC World Service programme CrowdScience.   Dr Henning Holle And what we found in this study was, yes, these scratching videos indeed made people feel itchier. They also started to scratch themselves more spontaneously. So, the answer is basically yes, you can catch a scratch.   Neil In Henning's study, when people watched videos of scratching, they scratched themselves spontaneously. If you do something spontaneously, you do it without being asked or without thinking.   Georgie So, Henning concludes that yes, you can catch a scratch, just like you might catch an illness. Catch in this context means get from someone else.   Neil OK. Georgie, I think it's time for the answer to my quiz question. We had a clip of people scratching and you had to decide what is being scratched.   Georgie I said that was a beard. Neil OK. Well, let's see if the people who are listening to this on the programme CrowdScience agreed.   Sonja Ständer It sounds like hairy skin so I would go for the scalp.   Anand Jagatia Yeah, I think it's beard or something because it does sound like there's hair there.   Dr Henning Holle It is definitely hairy skin and Anand was spot on. So, it is indeed a beard scratch that we were listening to.   Anand Jagatia Wow!   Georgie So I was right!   Neil You were. Congratulations!   Georgie OK. Let's recap the vocabulary we learned in this programme, starting with itch, which is an unpleasant feeling on your skin. And something can be described using the adjective itchy.   Neil When you feel an itch, you often scratch it with your fingers by rubbing your nails on the skin.   Georgie If you unpack an idea or scientific concept, you explain it in clear detail.   Neil A parasite is an animal or plant that lives on another animal and feeds on it.   Georgie If you do something spontaneously, you do it without being asked or without thinking.   Neil Catch can be used to mean get from someone else, such as an illness. For example, you can catch a cold.   Georgie Once again, our six minutes are up, but you can test what you've learned with the worksheet on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.   Neil Thank you for joining us and goodbye.   Georgie Goodbye. What do you think of the new version of 6 Minute English? Email us at learningenglish@bbc.co.uk. Next Find an A-Z list of our programmes. Find more programmes for your level here.  Practise your reading skills with The Reading Room.