How do cicadas know what season it is?

蝉是如何知道季节的?

CrowdScience

2026-01-10

26 分钟
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Crowdscience listener Ryosuke grew up in Japan, and spent his childhood summers catching cicadas in the park. For people in Japan, the sound of their chirping signals the first true summer day. But until they emerge, these enigmatic insects live underground - often for many years. Ryosuke wants to know how they know the time is right, and CrowdScience is on the case. Presenter Anand Jagatia pieces together the story of the species, and meets the small but dedicated group of academics worldwide who’ve been able to study them. In a field near Girona, Spain, he meets a scientist who’s spent the last twenty years counting them. How will a temperature probe help us work out when they might emerge, and what are they doing underground for so many years anyway? In nearby Barcelona, another scientist cuts open the stem of a tomato plant and Anand watches as the sap flows out. Could this be a clue to how cicadas sense what’s going on above ground? And he meets a cicada breeder in the US who has discovered a link between the life cycle of cicadas and the fruiting of a peach tree. Armed with that knowledge, can you really make time move faster for tree and insect alike? Presenter: Anand Jagatia Producer: Robbie Wojciechowski Editor: Ben Motley (Photo:Cicada on Hosta Leaf - stock photo Credit: KenWiedemann via Getty Images)
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  • Hello and welcome to Crowdscience from the BBC World Service.

  • I'm Anand Jagatia and to get us started this week,

  • I want to take you back to the middle of summer 2025.

  • It is a lovely warm day, just a little bit of moisture in the air,

  • nice and humid, very pleasant day.

  • Where I am in the UK, people are enjoying the sunshine.

  • I planned a big family barbecue, loads of us round at my house and it had all the food prepared,

  • ready to go out and start cooking.

  • But, undernourished to many of them, a swamp is about to emerge.

  • What I didn't know that day is that the weather was going to be all about the ants.

  • A nice flying ant situation happening in our garden right now.

  • This appears to be the epicentre.

  • It was flying ant day, so that was a nice surprise Yep,

  • it's flying ant day which is when thousands upon thousands of winged ants emerge from their nests as part of a huge mating ritual At first you think it's just one fly and then you realize that actually you are being completely attacked from all directions Despite the name,

  • it's not actually a single day.

  • But for a couple of weeks in June or July,

  • you can see ants taking to the skies, ruining picnics wherever they go.

  • Oh, this isn't going to work.

  • Lots of kids, lots of family members trying to eat whilst these little bugs flying around us.

  • But it's not all bad.