Red dirt: China's bid to control a new supply chain

铁矿石安全保卫战

Drum Tower

2026-01-07

32 分钟
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Beneath a ridge in Guinea's southern highlands lies one of the world's largest deposits of iron ore. Chinese investment has got it out of the ground after decades of delays. But will the Simandou mining project give China the upper hand it hopes? Hosts: Jiehao Chen, The Economist's China researcher, and Corbin Duncan, our global correspondent. Transcripts of our podcasts are available via economist.com/podcasts. Listen to what matters most, from global politics and business to science and technology—subscribe to Economist Podcasts+.  For more information about how to access Economist Podcasts+, please visit our FAQs page or watch our video explaining how to link your account.
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  • The Economist.

  • At the start of November, our global correspondent Corbin Duncan

  • found himself deep in the forests of Southern Guinea looking at the dirt.

  • It’s actually not the bright red dirt that you’re looking for.

  • Underneath it, you start to see this bluey, purple,

  • almost sparkly type rock which glints in the sunlight.

  • He’s on the Simandou Ridge in Guinea’s Southern Highlands, on the hunt for iron ore.

  • In the space of just three years, this has been transformed,

  • this landscape from what you can imagine is rolling hills

  • and mountains of relatively thick scrub.

  • That’s been cleared away and in its wake,

  • you see this massive infrastructure being built and a huge mine site.

  • For almost 30 years, mining at Simandou remained at a standstill,

  • paralyzed by feuds over money and power.

  • But now, thanks to Chinese investment, the world’s biggest mining project is finally open for business.

  • I’m standing down here in the stockyards,

  • but you can still see in the distance the top of that mountain which has been opened up.

  • Because beneath that red dirt lies three billion tonnes of iron ore.

  • And with it, Beijing hopes, an end to one of its biggest foreign dependencies.

  • I’m Jia Hwa Chen, The Economist’s China researcher, and today I’m joined by Corbin Duncan,