The baby bust is here. How will the world economy cope?

生育率崩盘时代

Insider

2025-11-19

44 分钟
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  • Hello, this is Inside Economics and I'm Rachana Shanbhogue, the Economist business affairs editor.

  • I'm joined in the studio by our economics editor, Henry Curr.

  • Hi, Rachana.

  • And by Mike Bird, our Wall Street editor who's joining us from New York.

  • Hey, Mike.

  • Hey, Rachana.

  • Today we're going to talk about an issue that we've written and thought a lot about in recent years.

  • The consequences of the coming collapse of the world's population.

  • It's a topic that inspires great debate and no one's more exercised about it than Elon Musk, as this clip will show us.

  • I think one of the biggest risks to civilization is the low birth rate and the rapidly declining birth rate.

  • It is and yet so many people, including smart people,

  • think that there are too many people in the world and think that the population is growing out of control.

  • It's completely the opposite.

  • Please look at the numbers.

  • If people don't have more children, civilization is going to crumble.

  • Mark my words.

  • Now, how alarmed should you be about the consequences of population decline for the world's economy?

  • To help unpack this question we're going to look at four things.

  • One is what's actually happening to global fertility rates, why fertility rates have been falling,

  • then what governments can do if anything to avert a baby bust, and finally what the economic consequences are.