In Preparation for the summer Olympics in 2008, the authorities in Beijing,
the host city and China's capital,
launched a campaign to teach English to residents likely to come in contact with foreign visitors.
Police, transit workers and hotel staff were among those targeted.
One aim was to have 80% of taxi drivers achieve a basic level of competency.
Today, though, any foreigner visiting Beijing will notice that rather few people are able to speak English well.
The 80% target proved a fantasy: most drivers still speak nothing but Chinese.
Even the public-facing staff at the city's main international airport struggle to communicate with foreigners.
Immigration officers often resort to computer-translation systems.
For much of the 40 years since China began opening up to the world, "English fever" was a common catchphrase.
People were eager to learn foreign languages, English most of all.
Many hoped the skill would lead to jobs with international firms.
Others wanted to do business with foreign companies.
Some dreamed of moving abroad.
But enthusiasm for learning English has waned in recent years.
According to one ranking, by EF Education First, an international language-training firm,
China ranks 91st among 116 countries and regions in terms of English proficiency.
Just four years ago it ranked 38th out of 100.
Over that time its rating has slipped from "moderate" to "low" proficiency.
Some in China question the accuracy of the EF index.