Surveillance state: China is building a new data empire

监控国家:中国正在构建新的数据帝国

Editor's Picks from The Economist

2025-07-08

5 分钟
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A handpicked article read aloud from the latest issue of The Economist. China is sucking up vast amounts of data without the safeguards of democracy. It could build a dystopian system of surveillance while changing the evolution of AI and the online economy. Listen to what matters most, from global politics and business to science and technology—subscribe to Economist Podcasts+. For more information about how to access Economist Podcasts+, please visit our FAQs page or watch our video explaining how to link your account.
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  • Hello, this is Rosie Bloor, co-host of The Intelligence, our daily news and current affairs podcast.

  • Welcome to Editor's Picks.

  • We've chosen an article from the latest edition of The Economist that we thought you might enjoy.

  • Please do have a listen.

  • China's 1.1 billion Internet users churn out more data than anyone else on Earth.

  • So does the country's vast network of facial recognition cameras.

  • As autonomous cars speed down roads and flying ones crisscross the skies,

  • the quality and value of the information flowing from emerging technologies will soar.

  • Yet the volume of data is not the only thing setting China apart.

  • The government is also embedding data management into the economy and national security.

  • That has implications for China and holds lessons for democracies.

  • China's planners see data as a factor of production alongside labor, capital, and land.

  • Xi Jinping, the president,

  • has called data a foundational resource with a revolutionary impact on international competition.

  • The scope of this vision is unparalleled,

  • affecting everything from civil liberties to the profits of Internet firms and China's pursuit of the lead in artificial intelligence.

  • Mr. Xi's vision is being enacted fast.

  • In 2021, China released rules modeled on Europe's General Data Protection Regulation, or GDPR.

  • Now it is diverging quickly from Western norms.

  • All levels of government are to marshal the data resources they have.