Sickness and health: When is obesity a disease?

疾病与健康:何时肥胖成疾?

Editor's Picks from The Economist

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2025-01-23

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A handpicked article read aloud from the latest issue of The Economist. A pathological definition of obesity has eluded researchers for years. New research may make such a diagnosis more straightforward. Listen to what matters most, from global politics and business to science and technology—subscribe to Economist Podcasts+
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  • The Economist Hello, this is Alok Jha,

  • host of Babbage, our weekly podcast on science and technology.

  • Welcome to Editor's Picks.

  • We've chosen an unmissable article from the latest edition of The Economist.

  • Please do have a listen.

  • For years, there has been a push to recognise obesity as a disease in its own right.

  • and therefore something that needs to be treated in and of itself,

  • rather than just as a risk factor for other things,

  • such as diabetes, heart disease, strokes and some cancers.

  • And there is indeed much evidence that being obese can result in exceptionally poor health.

  • But many who are obese are not unwell in the slightest.

  • This argues that obesity per se should not be treated as an illness.

  • Until two years ago, such discussion was of little practical relevance,

  • since there were few treatments for obesity between the extremes of bariatric surgery and the old-fashioned approach of eating less and exercising more.

  • However, the arrival in 2023 of GLP-1 weight loss drugs,

  • in the form of semaglutide, known commercially as Wigovie, changed that.

  • If these drugs are to be prescribed sensibly and fairly,

  • then who among the fat is sick and who is not becomes an important question.

  • By coincidence, they started before GLP-1 drugs were approved for slimming,

  • a group of 56 doctors have just answered that question.