635. Can a Museum Be the Conscience of a Nation?

635. 博物馆能成为一个国家的良知吗?

Freakonomics Radio

2025-06-06

50 分钟
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Nicholas Cullinan, the new director of the British Museum, seems to think so. “I'm not afraid of the past,” he says — which means talking about looted objects, the basement storerooms, and the leaking roof. We take the guided tour.   SOURCES:Nicholas Cullinan, director of the British Museum.  RESOURCES:"Inside the British Museum: stolen treasures and a £1bn revamp," by Alice Thomson (The Times, 2025)."British Museum gems for sale on eBay - how a theft was exposed," by Katie Razzall, Larissa Kennelly, and Darin Graham (BBC, 2024)."British Museum chief Nicholas Cullinan: ‘I start with the idea that everything is possible,'" by Jan Dalley (Financial Times, 2024)."Who Benefits When Western Museums Return Looted Art?" by David Frum (The Atlantic, 2022).The Will of Sir Hans Sloane, by Sir Hans Sloane (1753).The Portland Vase (The British Museum).  EXTRAS:"Stealing Art Is Easy. Giving It Back Is Hard." by Freakonomics Radio (2023).
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  • Okay. I'm going to keep my voice down for a minute because we're in a museum in London.

  • Obviously, the British Museum is an inherently British institution.

  • It's the first institution to actually be called British.

  • That is Nicholas Cullinan.

  • He became director of the British Museum in 2024.

  • Hans Sloan, our founder, of course,

  • who offered an extraordinary collection of 80,000 objects to the nation,

  • did it in a very deliberate way.

  • He said he wanted it to be for the benefit of old persons.

  • But he also stipulated that it was to be offered first to the City of London,

  • because it had the most international audience.

  • And then he left a list in descending order of other cities it should be offered to

  • if that didn't happen,

  • based on how many people from different parts of the world would have access to his collection.

  • So second was St Petersburg, and then I think it was Paris, Berlin, and Madrid.

  • There's a lovely idea about museums being either windows or mirrors.

  • For example, the National Portrait Gallery.

  • could be thought of as a mirror, as a mirror of Britishness,

  • you know, history of the nation through portraits.

  • The British Museum from the very beginning was clearly a window museum.