The Art of War: Ancient Chinese guide to victory

孙子兵法:中国古代的胜利指南

The Forum

社会与文化

2022-08-18

41 分钟
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The Art of War is one of the most important military strategy texts ever written, and it has become just as influential, perhaps even more so, in the worlds of business, sport, and politics. Bridget Kendall learns what the 2,000-year-old treatise has to say about deception, spying, and ruthlessness, and asks why it has come to be viewed as a guide to success in life in general. But has it been misunderstood? We discuss whether it’s better viewed as a guide to avoiding war and conflict, rather than a manual for how to fight. Plus, we try to get to the bottom of who really wrote it and learn about the blood-soaked period of Chinese history in which it’s believed to have been created. Producer: Simon Tulett Credit: Excerpts from the text were based on translations from Michael Nylan's book (see below), published by W. W. Norton & Company, 2020. Contributors: Michael Nylan, professor of early Chinese history at the University of California, Berkeley, in the United States, and author of 'The Art of War: A New Translation by Michael Nylan'; Derek Yuen, a scholar of strategy and international relations from Hong Kong, and author of ‘Deciphering Sun Tzu: How to Read the Art of War’; Peter Lorge, associate professor of pre-modern Chinese and military history at Vanderbilt University, in Nashville, in the United States, and author of ‘Sun Tzu in the West’. (Picture: Terracotta warriors - sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China who unified the country after the Warring States period. Credit: Getty Images)
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  • Know the enemy, know yourself

  • and you will meet with no danger in a hundred battles.

  • If you do not know the enemy but you know yourself,

  • then you will win and lose by turns.

  • If you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will lose every battle.

  • Certainly.

  • Know your enemy, know yourself.

  • These words, or a variation of them,

  • have formed the basis of countless teachings on strategies for success in almost all walks of life,

  • from how to make the best business deals or lift the most trophies in sport

  • to the cut and thrust of domestic politics and the dark arts of international relations.

  • They've even been applied to dating.

  • And the words come from the Art of War,

  • a Chinese text on military strategy written more than 2,000 years ago and one of the most important works on warfare ever written.

  • For many, though, the text has become much more than that,

  • a philosophical classic, a manual even for how to overcome life's many obstacles.

  • But what exactly is the message of the Art of War?

  • And what do we know about its author, Sun Tzu, or Sun Tzu, as many English speakers say,

  • and how many of the politicians,

  • military strategists and celebrities you like to quote from it have actually read it?